Pink Eye – What You Need to Know
Pink eye, or conjunctivitis, is a common and bothersome condition. As optometrists, we encounter it often, and it’s crucial to recognize that not all pink eye is the same. There are three main types: viral, bacterial, and allergic. Each presents differently and requires tailored treatment. While the symptoms can be uncomfortable—sometimes downright unpleasant—understanding the condition helps ensure you get the right care promptly.
Viral Conjunctivitis: The Contagious Culprit
Viral conjunctivitis, often the most contagious type, spreads quickly in schools, workplaces, and daycare settings. Symptoms include red, irritated (but not itchy) eyes that water excessively. While the condition often resolves on its own within 1–2 weeks, it’s essential to stay home and avoid spreading it to others.
Wash all linens and towels used near your face to prevent reinfection or passing the virus to others. Unfortunately, antiviral drops don’t work for most viral infections, so treatment focuses on managing symptoms. However, if a herpetic infection is suspected—a more severe form that can damage the cornea—seek immediate care. Symptoms such as intense pain, blurred vision, or sensitivity to light may indicate a serious condition that requires urgent treatment.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis: The Pus-Producing Problem
Bacterial conjunctivitis typically involves red, irritated eyes and a thick, yellow or green discharge. Many people wake up to find their eyelids stuck together from dried discharge—a hallmark sign of this type of pink eye.
To avoid spreading the bacteria, wash your hands frequently, clean any towels or linens used near your face, and avoid touching your eyes. Left untreated, bacterial infections can lead to serious complications, including corneal ulcers.
Treatment usually involves antibiotic drops, which resolve symptoms within a week when used as directed. Always complete the full course of treatment to prevent antibiotic resistance. Avoid the temptation to “wait and see” if it gets better on its own, as early treatment significantly reduces the risk of complications.
Allergic Conjunctivitis: The Seasonal Struggle
Allergic conjunctivitis, unlike the other types, is not contagious. It typically affects both eyes and causes redness, itching, and excessive tearing without colored discharge. This form often flares up during allergy season or after exposure to triggers like pet dander or pollen.
Over-the-counter allergy drops and cold compresses can help alleviate mild symptoms. For seasonal allergy sufferers, starting OTC drops 1–2 weeks before symptoms begin can prevent flare-ups. If symptoms are already severe, prescription drops are more effective because they not only stabilize cells that haven’t reacted but also treat those that have already been activated
Why See an Optometrist?
When dealing with conjunctivitis, an accurate diagnosis ensures the correct treatment and prevents complications. While general practitioners can help, optometrists specialize in eye health and can quickly distinguish between types of pink eye. They can also rule out more serious conditions that mimic conjunctivitis, such as uveitis or keratitis.
Protect your eyes by practicing good hygiene and seeking professional care for persistent or severe symptoms. Remember, you only have two eyes—treat them with the care they deserve.
Wear sunglasses and avoid touching eyes or nearby area. If you have pinkeye in one eye then it can spread to another eye also. That’s why always wash your hands before touching near the eye.
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Thick yellow discharge that crusts over the eyelashes, especially after sleep. It can make your eyelids stick shut when you wake up.